Presented by the Department of Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies, Barnard College
Issues of marriage and divorce remain contentious in the Philippines, but the history of marriage remains unexplored. When the Spanish established colonial rule and Catholicism in the 16th century, they also introduced new laws regulating marriage in the Philippines, and by the 19th century ecclesiastical and civil courts ofte nheard suits concerning “Matrimonies,” “Adulteries,” “Divorces,” and “Concubinage.” These cases reveal the contested nature of marriage and domestic relations in colonial society, and the challenges posed by ordinary people to colonial law. This paper uses these cases to explore marriage as a legal institution and a set of social practices, and to illuminate the role of Catholicism and civil law in shaping private and public lives in Philippine colonial society. It will also reflect on how marriage laws, which were direct impositions of the Spanish colonizing process, continue to shape the debates about divorce in contemporary Philippines.