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Black Sexism and Black Backlash Presentation

I really enjoyed my presentation from last week primarily focusing on Black Macho and the Myth of the Black Superwoman by Michele Wallace. The themes that came up in this particular reading were issues that I’ve been researching and noticing for a while now. The thing that struck me the most was that the tension and the hostility between black men and women stems from 50 years ago during the civil rights movement.

The civil rights movement for many black people was supposed to be seen as solidarity between black men and black women trying to fight one cause, white supremacy. However, there were underlying issues such as the erasure of black womens’  importance in the movement. The main thing that I was especially fascinated about was black mens’ sudden preference for white women and their hate for black women. Due to the patriarchal norms of the 1950s, it seemed like the downplaying of black women’s role in the civil rights movement was also normalized into American society. The most interesting part was that many of the black men in the civil rights movement began dating white women that participated in the movement. Wallace made sure to delve deeper into the history of why black men began pursuing white women. Because black men were emasculated during slavery and reconstruction, they felt that it was an accomplishment or an achievement to have à white woman on their arm. This made him feel more like a man. I already knew the perfect video that would fit this situation, the Iyanla Fix My Life episode from three years ago that was supposed to help dispel the stereotype of the “angry black woman”. Iyanla Vanzant set the stage for a difficult conversation and the black men in the video let their hate for black women be known. I was not expecting that the same reasons that the black men used in the video from 2016 were the same reasons that black men used in 1979. It is honestly disappointing that 40 years later, we hear the same baseless excuses.

However, it makes sense why the same stereotypes are still being displayed today. Even though we have made some progress as a nation from the 60s and 70s, we still have a long way to go. Many of the same harsh realities of racism and discrimination still persist today in 2019. Although the excuses and stereotypes that that black men in the Iyanla video made were baseless and problematic, we still see a link between the men of the 60s versus the men of 2016. Black men are still being emasculated but in different ways than they were in the past. Therefore, they continue to push the same stereotypes of black women to still find a way to feel more masculine. As problematic as their statements are, it is important to see that we as a people are still facing the same harsh realities of racism and discrimination.

Annabella’s Archival Find

I remember coming upon this photo unintentionally during our first-ever class visit to the archive. This was the first of about 20 photos that I found in an unnamed photo album. All of them were black and white, but there was something about this photo that caught my eye. It took me a while to digest the content – at first, all I saw was a woman resting on her back, with her hand on her head, almost in a sign of distress. I later was able to make out the darker figure of the doctor cradling the newborn baby in her arms. Once I understood the photo, I immediately felt a sense of shame as an intruder witnessing an intimate moment. Even though all of the photos were shot in black in white, they ranged in content from babies to people standing in front of parks and signs, to pregnant women and more. 

The first photo in the black photo album titled “The Sweet Breath of Life”. These photos were later published into a book that can now be purchased wherever books are sold.

Upon doing some research on google, I was able to find out that this photo album is actually a collection of photos that were later included in a published photobook titled, “The Sweet Breath of Life: A Poetic Narrative of the African American Family”. This collection of work was eventually published in 2010, including edits from Frank Stewart, photographs from Kaminige Workshop, and contributions from Ntozake Shange herself. I found it really interesting that this photo album was placed in the same box as two additional family photo albums, that included photographs from Ntozake Shange’s life. While this form of archiving might have been unintentional, I find it telling that this published album was included with two other personal photo albums. In a way, it almost signifies that Shange’s life was crucial to understanding the poetic narrative of the African-American family (I purposefully included all three photo albums together in the second photo so you could see how they overlap with each other).  It also makes sense that the first photo encapsulates the idea of the sweet breath of life, being that a newborn baby is taking that sweet breath in. I noticed that all of the photos and albums were arranged in a set of “series”. In both of my visits to the archives, I noticed that Shange has a lot of photo albums in her collection, which gives me a new appreciation for all of the photo albums that I have in my home that remain untouched. 

These are all three of the photoalbums included in box 50 (Identifier BC 20.29). Notice the difference in terms of the content of all three.

Although this photo is outside the scope of my scalar project, I think that the digital archives have proved to be a fantastic resource for understanding her collection. We are allowed to make photocopies and scans for research purposes only. Thanks to technology, I know that I personally accessed this collection of photo albums on October 10th at 1:34 pm. However, additional metadata information, such as when this photo album came together, or when Ntozake Shange approved of the final manuscript of the photo album is information unbeknownst to me.  

 

Works Cited:

Ntozake Shange Papers, 1966-2016; Box and Folder; Barnard Archives and Special Collections, Barnard Library, Barnard College. http://collections.barnard.edu/public/repositories/2/resources/377 Accessed November 28, 2019.

Ntozake The Photographer | Archive Find #2 | Makeen

Ntozake Shange… the playwright, the poet, the author… AND the photographer!

In my last archive find post, I reveled about how captivated I was by Ntozake’s collection of photo albums more than anything else I explored in her collection. After many revisits, these photos continue to captivate me–-not solely because they are beautiful but also it truly feels like a privilege to see through Ntozake’s eyes.

 

This course is titled the Worlds of Ntozake Shange and Digital storytelling. We explore the worlds she creates through writing and performance, but what does it mean to consider the world that she lived in? What about this lived world of Ntozake Shange led her to create these, sometimes fictitious and other times not, worlds that we’ve had the joy of exploring through writing. To me, Ntozake’s photography provides a glimpse into Ntozake’s real world.

Photo at a Protest taken by Ntozake

Photo of an unidentified saxophonist, taken by Ntozake

 

Many of the photos present in the album feature a smiling Ntozake dolled up alongside other artists, at seemingly lavish galas/events. Some of them feature her alongside her family. The ones that are my favorite are ones that seem like snapshots of specific environments in which Ntozake found herself. Like the two above, these moments are not posed, it is not clear who they feature or where they were taken, but it feels as though we are able to see what Ntozake saw even if just a literal snapshot moment.

 

Photo of two unidentified people, taken by Ntozake

Photo of an unidentified woman taken by Ntozake

Some photos, like the last, are of people who are presumably friends of Ntozake–– some aware of being photographed or others just existing (like in the first photo here). Many like the baby photo featured here and those in my last archive find, are of Savannah throughout the years. Others are ones of Ntozake’s living room, or dining table–– of art on her walls, or plants in the corner. All of which, to different degrees, expose us to the world that for whatever reason encouraged Ntozake to birth worlds of her own.

Shange for the People! – Makeen

Ntozake Shange is for everyone, and her works are very intentional in being as accessible as possible. However, without the proper instruction in reading Shange, one could be easily overwhelmed due to the simple fact that Shange’s work is almost definitely different from anything they might have previously encountered.

 

For this reason, I would recommend that Barnard staff wishing to be involved with the #ShangeMagic Project first read this excerpt from Nappy Edges, specifically the first 4-5 pages. I recommend that they start on page two which reads: “if i asked: is this james brown or clifford jordan? you wd know.” and read until the top of page 6, stopping after the poem that begins with “the poet sees & hears the world. & there are many different worlds”

 

I selected this passage from the many others that we read this semester because I truly do believe it incapsulates/explains the many elements that are crucial to understanding Ntozake’s writings. This passage explains what Ntozake believes is the specific value of poetry. It exposes one to Ntozake’s use of language and punctuation (from the slashes to abbreviated words). Additionally, it features poetry alongside Ntozake’s own explanations of such poetry. This piece as a whole, looking specifically at this selected exceprt, serves as a wonderful introduction into Ntozake’s works in that it is almost as though Ntozake herself is telling you about what to expect and why you should listen to her.

A Play That Found Me and Loved Me Fiercely – Makeen

by Zachery 1 Comment

Oh For Colored Girls… how did you know that I needed you so?

Reading and seeing For Colored Girls were such uniquely incredible experiences for me. Reading it for class, I felt as though some parts resonated with me whereas others confused me. Seeing the play, witnessing the movements, hearing the language and other sounds helped to make concrete any confusion. There were moments that made me want to cry, some in which I laughed, others that made me think of specific moments of my life and even some that were foreign to me but through the performance were made clear. I truly could ramble endlessly about how wonderful an experience the play was, but for the sake of this post, I want to focus on my favorite parts of the play: the recurring elements of girlhood.

The play opened with the seven women storming the stage with a wave of song, dance, claps, jumps, and cheers. They played hand games, mimicked double-dutch, and laughed. Admittedly, this was the first moment that I wanted to cry–– not because there was any feeling of sadness but rather because I felt so seen. Almost immediately, before any lines had been delivered, I was forced to reflect. I thought back to when I might have played similar games, I thought back to when I had ever in my life seen a group of women of color simply having fun in any production; I could not think of any. To my pleasant surprise, these seemingly unstructured moments of joy and play were the ones that united each of the play’s poems. Sometimes accompanied by song, other times by stomps and claps, each of these moments evoked in me a desire to join in, a desire to play.

 

The production closed with a classic four-clap “no music” chant, which could not have been more fitting. The times in my life in which I’ve taken part in such a chant were always at the end of events/closing of spaces that I did not want to leave. This play was certainly one that I wanted to stay in for as long as possible. The women on stage and all of the Black girls/women around me kept up the “no music” chant until the house lights were turned on. The beauty of Black/brown women’s ability to make joy in the midst of pain, to play in the midst of hardship, to create music in the midst of silent was without a doubt the most profound element of For Colored Girls.

Scalar, Part 2_ & for colored girls

Cast of 2019 production of for colored girls . . .at The Public

Hello all,  Taylor showed us some wonderful ways to use Scalar, both in itself and along with other digital tools.  Those who attended probably realized that you forget how to use tools if you don’t use the regularly! In that spirit, I encourage/invite those of you with blogposts left to do at least one of them on Scalar, try tagging and using the widgets.  Although I realize that these will be experimental, if you are trying to be particularly bodacious, please feel free to put “this is an experiment” at the top.

One useful tip from Taylor: Think about combining analogue and digital content– perhaps use your own drawings, paintings or collages with annotations and other media.

Taylor shared her outline and the links from the session with us. You can find it here.  I put at the bottom of that outline a spreadsheet for you to let us know what you are thinking about doing for your final project and a way to contact each other so that you might  go to the DHC together or figure out problems.  If you have problem accessing the spreadsheet, you can do it here.

photographs – archive find

Both times we’ve gone to the archives, I’ve been grabbed by some of the most mundane items. I initially expected to be excited by seeing things like her medals, awards, and accommodations. While these items are fascinating and only add to my respect for Shange as an artist and activist, I have been more intrigued with items related to her personal life.  I’ve enjoyed looking at the items that are more related to her personal life.

On Thursday, I spent a lot of time looking through her photo albums and letters. I was really intrigued with the photos of her daughter, Savannah. Some of them are clearly taken at big events like birthday celebrations, but some of them seem to be in very average, regular, every day moments.

my 5th birthday

 

I started to think about the function of pictures. They are often aesthetic and artistic, but they are also largely for memory and preservation. It makes me wonder what prompted someone to take these pictures and what makes a “Kodak moment.”

I’m not really sure I have a definite answer, but it has made me think back to the themes of ancestry and honoring what came before that is so present in Shange’s work. Considering the gaping holes in history resulting from colonization and imperialism, it is the mere act of taking photos of the every day can be a method of resistance. Taking pictures preserves these histories, and even says that our lives are worth remembering.

 

 

 

Works Cited:

Ntozake Shange Papers, 1966-2016; Box and Folder; Barnard Archives and Special Collections, Barnard Library, Barnard College. http://collections.barnard.edu/public/repositories/2/resources/377 Accessed November 7, 2019.

The Fire Within the Poet

Shange’s poem “Hijo de Las Americas” is a call to collectivity and communion amongst those people who have been affected by English and American imperialism. It is also a call to protecting Black and Brown intellectual thought, which imperialism tries so hard to dismantle and destroy. A poet’s power lies in one’s way to reach the heart with words. to bring commonality and experience across bodies and minds. A poet’s mind, specifically one writing with the consciousness of liberation and collective struggle, is boundless. And this limitless is a threat to imperialism, which is met with violence. In Shange’s poem, Carlos reads the poems which survive the ruins of imperialist wars. He reads them, and his body feels the hurt which pervades the violence against free Black thought. Shange writes:

“carlos reads the poems he can/the rest

were burned by friends/when the security police

la guardia nacional/came looking for a free black

mind/burned poems cannot return/we

must

fix carlito’s leg/he must be able to stand up/…”

Carlos reads what’s left but the injuries of the war, both physical and mental, leave him impaired, searching for something. He reads these poems and awaits to pen his own, “poet[ing] his black black language.” However, Shange notes the importance of collectivity here, denoting that “we” as a community must help Carlos stand up. We must help him be free for him to create in spite of this constant violence and destruction imposed on the world he lives in. Violence against

intellects of color is not something new in the US. It is a systematic cycle of oppression and violence against “free Black minds.” An example which came

to mind as I was reading this was “Fire!!: A Quarterly Devoted to Younger Negro Artists”,

which was published during the Harlem Renaissance. Zora Neale Hurston, Gwendolyn Bennet, and Langston Hughes were among some of the creative intellectuals who founded and contributed to this magazine. It was dedicated to being a form of Black creative consumption for Black folk and other people it appealed to. Some of the writings within the magazine were odes to women and sexuality, along with poems reveling in queer love and liberation. However, the systematic violence against people of color in publishing always existed. To my knowledge, it is unknown who committed the atrocity, but the Fire!! printing press was burned to the ground shortly after they began circulating. After the loss incurred from that, the writers discontinued the magazine and existing copies are extremely rare to come by today. I think it is poignant to note the stark commonality between the past and present of Black poetry. While Shange uses burned poems as a metaphor for the stifling of free thought and exchanges of livelihood between people of color in imperialist nations, the Fire!! printing was literally burned down for being a threat to white life during the Harlem Renaissance. Shange poses a break to this system of destruction by reminding communities to band together and help one another make sense of the world, when colonialism tries to take that away from people.

To end my post, I will attach the foreword of the Fire!! magazine. While contextually, it serves as an explanation of where the quarterly name comes from, I think it also speaks to what Shange writes about in her poem. She writes about the burning of poems, one of the many fires, which torches black freedom.Fire is power and fire is pain. However, fire is also that which burns within a poet and within a soul; to keep going and to keep fighting.

Taylor Post #6

From This Bridge Called My Back, Writing By Radical Women Of Color, Cherrié Moraga writing a letter to Barbara Smith about Moraga’s experience at an Ntozake Shange concert:

“There, everything exploded for me. She was speaking a language that I knew—in the deepest parts of me—existed, and that I had ignored… What Ntozake caught in me is the realization that in my development as a poet, I have, in many ways, denied the voice of my brown mother—the brown in me. I have acclimated to the sound of a white language which, as my father represents it, does not speak to the emotions in my poems….The reading had forced me to remember that I knew things from my roots… I knew that then, sitting in that Oakland Theatre (as I know in my Poetry) the only thing worth writing about is what seems to be unknown and therefore fearful (Cherrié Moraga, 31)”

I think that this reading really tied together a lot of moving parts I have been negotiating in our class. For my post I’d like to facilitate a sort of close read of this quote and connect it to some other parts of our assignment for this week as well as the preceding assignments we have had this semester.

Of course it is important to recognize that centrally this quote by Cherrié Moraga, co-editor of This Bridge Called My Back (This Bridge), is speaking directly to the subject of our study, Ntozake Shange. Moraga goes to an Shange concert and is moved. Moraga talks about this movement as something that comes from the “deepest parts” of her, from her “roots” —the way the comment is framed makes me understand that roots and deepest parts simultaneously have to do with the literal deepest parts of her psychic self and also from the roots that constitute her mother and aunts, and perhaps her ancestors.

 

This brought up for me, the content of “For the Color of My Mother” an essay that opens This Bridge by Moraga. In the poem, Moraga speaks of a dream she has in which her mother’s head is being passed around a circle of brown women. To me, based on the way the essay/poem is crafted, it tells me that the dream may have been about the responsibility of birthing into the world what only a brown girl can. It was about rupture and the need to make what spills from that rupture be something that can combat the silencing of brown women globally. It is a responsibility that does not come out of nowhere, it comes from her mother, it comes from her roots.

 

What spills from that rupture, that combats the silence, may in fact be Moraga’s own voice which she says she denied from her brown mother, her brown self. What follows this comment is the idea that she had only claimed the white language from her father and that she needs to pick up the brown poetic language of her mother. This reminded me of the way that Audre Lorde constructs the idea of the“white father who:

  • tell us to “rely solely upon our ideas to make us free”
  • “distorted” poetry into “sterile word play”… “in order to cover their desperate wish for imagination without insight.”
  • “told us, I think therefore I am”

In “Poetry is not a Luxury”, Lorde writes of this figure in contrast to “the black mother in each of us” aka, “the poet” in each of us  who “whispers in our dreams, I feel therefore I can be free”. This part of “Poetry is Not A Luxury”, helped me frame and understand Moraga’s comment that the white language her father gave her cannot “speak to the emotions in her poems”.

Finally, I’d like to look at the last segment of the quote that says that the real need in her poetry is to explore things that are unknown and fearful. This reminded me of Shange’s quote in Language & Sound where she writes: “The catastrophe of ignoring the unfamiliar, the exiled, the forgotten, is more than a bit of wrestling with “something missing”, it is the terror of becoming the embodiment of our own folklore set in time, and not defined by our own terms” (133). I think ideally this is a quote by Shange that I would like to continue to explore over the remainder of the semester because it really speaks to the politics of fear that I am interested in in Shange’s work and it also speaks to the idea the importance of self definition in a country, in a language, that has historically worked to render us silenced and a mere caricature of ourselves. It also helps me think about the stakes of the project that we are engaging in, of attempting to write and record and archive the truth of our lives and our connections to each other, so that they don’t become distorted by a culture dominated by white supremacy, so that they don’t  become distorted by a university dominated by whiteness.

 

And to connect it to the separate piece we read for class today, “The Digital Afterlives of This Bridge Called My Back: Woman of Color Feminism, Digital Labor, and Networked Pedagogy” I think I’d like to think momentarily about the pedagogical framework that This Bridge provides the reader with, it is a pedagogy through which the reader and educators can develop their own strategies for growing and helping others grow. If we observe fully the tenants expressed in the essays and poems in the book, how does that change regular and normative curriculum plans and the pedagogical approaches of a given class or social circle? I think I have seen classes function that propagate the pedagogical reference points brought to bear in This Bridge and those classes have without fail changed my life. I wonder how those classes in the past and how this class now are changed by bringing the pedagogy of This Bridge into the digital sphere?

 

I’d like to leave the comment with a picture. Below you will find a picture I took of a painting I painted my senior year of high school in 2016 after reading through This Bridge for the first time. I was moved and spinning with information and poetry and truly, I was moved beyond words. I knew that I had to figure out how to embody what I had felt and what I was processing someway and I chose an acrylic medium to express the movement I was experiencing:

Painting by Taylor Thompson '20 depicting an interpretation of the cover of "This Bridge Called My Back"

May 20, 2016 Chicago, IL

Painting based off of the cover of the original This Bridge Called My Back by Johnetta Tinker.

 

Next class-Archive visit/ blog audit_ UPDATE

Hello all,

On Thursday,  the class is meeting with Martha and Vani in the archives. To prepare, I would like you to do the following:

If you haven’t read (or didn’t absorb) the Cassius Adair/Lisa Nakamura essay, “The Digital Afterlives of This Bridge Called My Back: Woman of Color Feminism, Digital Labor, and Networked Pedagogy,” please read that carefully.

Read the Shange Collection Finding Aid (click on the link in the upper right) and request one item from the archives by noon on WEDNESDAY. (If you are eager, you can request up to 3).

ANNOUNCEMENTS:

–The “before 9am” for this week’s blogpost  is lifted, you can do an open post on any reading from the semester– or do your archive find.

–Speaking of archives, Professor Kimberly Springer’s Black Feminism Archives: An archive of 1970s black feminist organizing, is open for perusal and has lots of great materials for an archive find!

–I won’t have office hours this week, but PLEASE sign up for a quick appointment with me next week to discuss your final project. (The yellow slots on this spreadsheet are for my other class.)

— RE THE BLOG AUDIT: