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Feminizm Ve Tarih — Historical Narratives From New York to Eastern Anatolia

by Eliana 0 Comments

When evaluating my own roots, as Shange often pushes me to, I turn to the Turkish academic Ayşe Gül Altınay. Professor Altınay, a personal feminist exemplar, was recently arrested and sentenced to two years in prison after signing a petition criticizing the Turkish government on behalf of the Academics For Peace Group. This serves as a case study in governmental treatment of pedagogy worldwide, and how American challenges of criminalizing, not just bodies, but ideas, are not uniquely American. Today, American discussions of the federal government dictating which news is “fake” and “real” are deeply intertwined with conversations on the mass incarceration, as political power structures force marginalized communities deeper into society’s margins. One can criminalize opposition and create bureaucratic barriers between a writer and publisher, but one cannot stop individuals from sharing their ideas to counter hegemony. 

Last Fall, Professor Altınay gave a lecture on “Bridging Academia and Activism Through Gender Studies,” where she both gave an overview of the feminist movement in Turkey and reflected on her own work as a scholar of gender and sexuality studies in Turkey. The history of female-identified Turkish activists fighting for change is being gradually erased over time, and one can view the treatment of their history as seemingly disposable in the eyes of the government and educators. Gender and Sexuality scholars such as Professor Altınay have been discovering pre-existing Kurdish and Armenian women’s organizations from the times of the Turkish feminist movement, which were excluded from the mainstream documentation of the movement. 

“Why am I compelled to write? Because the writing saves me from this complacency I fear. Because I have no choice. Because I must keep the spirit of my revolt and myself alive. Because the world I create in the writing compensates for what the real world does not give me. By writing I put order in the world, give it a handle so I can grasp it. I write because life does not appease my appetites and hunger. I write to record what others erase when I speak, to rewrite the stories others have miswritten about me, about you.” – Gloria Anzaldúa

For Anzaldúa and Altınay, words represent a lifeline. For those fighting tirelessly amidst systemic oppression, writing one’s own history is essential to survival. Complacency emerges when the Third World Woman is spoken for, as these narratives represent the sanctity of her own voice. Through their fierce attempts to safeguard the written word, from eastern Anatolia to New York City, writers like Altınay and Anzaldúa work to reshape and reclaim historical narratives.

Taylor Post #6

From This Bridge Called My Back, Writing By Radical Women Of Color, Cherrié Moraga writing a letter to Barbara Smith about Moraga’s experience at an Ntozake Shange concert:

“There, everything exploded for me. She was speaking a language that I knew—in the deepest parts of me—existed, and that I had ignored… What Ntozake caught in me is the realization that in my development as a poet, I have, in many ways, denied the voice of my brown mother—the brown in me. I have acclimated to the sound of a white language which, as my father represents it, does not speak to the emotions in my poems….The reading had forced me to remember that I knew things from my roots… I knew that then, sitting in that Oakland Theatre (as I know in my Poetry) the only thing worth writing about is what seems to be unknown and therefore fearful (Cherrié Moraga, 31)”

I think that this reading really tied together a lot of moving parts I have been negotiating in our class. For my post I’d like to facilitate a sort of close read of this quote and connect it to some other parts of our assignment for this week as well as the preceding assignments we have had this semester.

Of course it is important to recognize that centrally this quote by Cherrié Moraga, co-editor of This Bridge Called My Back (This Bridge), is speaking directly to the subject of our study, Ntozake Shange. Moraga goes to an Shange concert and is moved. Moraga talks about this movement as something that comes from the “deepest parts” of her, from her “roots” —the way the comment is framed makes me understand that roots and deepest parts simultaneously have to do with the literal deepest parts of her psychic self and also from the roots that constitute her mother and aunts, and perhaps her ancestors.

 

This brought up for me, the content of “For the Color of My Mother” an essay that opens This Bridge by Moraga. In the poem, Moraga speaks of a dream she has in which her mother’s head is being passed around a circle of brown women. To me, based on the way the essay/poem is crafted, it tells me that the dream may have been about the responsibility of birthing into the world what only a brown girl can. It was about rupture and the need to make what spills from that rupture be something that can combat the silencing of brown women globally. It is a responsibility that does not come out of nowhere, it comes from her mother, it comes from her roots.

 

What spills from that rupture, that combats the silence, may in fact be Moraga’s own voice which she says she denied from her brown mother, her brown self. What follows this comment is the idea that she had only claimed the white language from her father and that she needs to pick up the brown poetic language of her mother. This reminded me of the way that Audre Lorde constructs the idea of the“white father who:

  • tell us to “rely solely upon our ideas to make us free”
  • “distorted” poetry into “sterile word play”… “in order to cover their desperate wish for imagination without insight.”
  • “told us, I think therefore I am”

In “Poetry is not a Luxury”, Lorde writes of this figure in contrast to “the black mother in each of us” aka, “the poet” in each of us  who “whispers in our dreams, I feel therefore I can be free”. This part of “Poetry is Not A Luxury”, helped me frame and understand Moraga’s comment that the white language her father gave her cannot “speak to the emotions in her poems”.

Finally, I’d like to look at the last segment of the quote that says that the real need in her poetry is to explore things that are unknown and fearful. This reminded me of Shange’s quote in Language & Sound where she writes: “The catastrophe of ignoring the unfamiliar, the exiled, the forgotten, is more than a bit of wrestling with “something missing”, it is the terror of becoming the embodiment of our own folklore set in time, and not defined by our own terms” (133). I think ideally this is a quote by Shange that I would like to continue to explore over the remainder of the semester because it really speaks to the politics of fear that I am interested in in Shange’s work and it also speaks to the idea the importance of self definition in a country, in a language, that has historically worked to render us silenced and a mere caricature of ourselves. It also helps me think about the stakes of the project that we are engaging in, of attempting to write and record and archive the truth of our lives and our connections to each other, so that they don’t become distorted by a culture dominated by white supremacy, so that they don’t  become distorted by a university dominated by whiteness.

 

And to connect it to the separate piece we read for class today, “The Digital Afterlives of This Bridge Called My Back: Woman of Color Feminism, Digital Labor, and Networked Pedagogy” I think I’d like to think momentarily about the pedagogical framework that This Bridge provides the reader with, it is a pedagogy through which the reader and educators can develop their own strategies for growing and helping others grow. If we observe fully the tenants expressed in the essays and poems in the book, how does that change regular and normative curriculum plans and the pedagogical approaches of a given class or social circle? I think I have seen classes function that propagate the pedagogical reference points brought to bear in This Bridge and those classes have without fail changed my life. I wonder how those classes in the past and how this class now are changed by bringing the pedagogy of This Bridge into the digital sphere?

 

I’d like to leave the comment with a picture. Below you will find a picture I took of a painting I painted my senior year of high school in 2016 after reading through This Bridge for the first time. I was moved and spinning with information and poetry and truly, I was moved beyond words. I knew that I had to figure out how to embody what I had felt and what I was processing someway and I chose an acrylic medium to express the movement I was experiencing:

Painting by Taylor Thompson '20 depicting an interpretation of the cover of "This Bridge Called My Back"

May 20, 2016 Chicago, IL

Painting based off of the cover of the original This Bridge Called My Back by Johnetta Tinker.

 

Taylor on Alexis Pauline Gumbs’ “Saltwater Apprenticeship” Lecture at Cooper Union

by Thompson 0 Comments

On Tuesday, November 6th , I attended a lecture by Alexis Pauline Gumbs at the Cooper Union. Alexis Pauline Gumbs is a black feminist scholar and poet and a graduate of Barnard College ’04. Her work has been really important to me since I was in high school when I stumbled upon her Dissertation “’We Can Learn to Mother Ourselves’”: The Queer Survival of Black Feminism 1968-1996. The dissertation focuses on the pedagogical implications of the work that late 20th century black feminists cultivated as well as the politics of feminist publishing and Black queer survival strategies.  Cooper Union, NYU and Columbia University are hosting her this week in a trilogy of free lectures concerning her work in black feminist studies.

Her lecture at Cooper Union was Saltwater Apprenticeship: Black Being Beyond the Human. Gumbs is engaging in a project of trying to negotiate her relationship with saltwater and her saltwater relationships—that is, those that are born of sweat and tears. To do that, Gumbs decided to look at other mammals who are similarly hunted and endangered and who have mastered the art of breathing in saltwater. The lecture focused on the work she has begun to engage in concerning Marine Biology and the history, life and survivals of Marine Mammals. She concerns herself with the ways in which the systems of oppression which threaten the survival of Marine Mammals are co-constructive with those systems of oppression which threaten the survival of black folks. She also looks at different categorizing narratives of marine mammals which sound frighteningly similar to the deeply racialized categorizations of black people within white history and STEM texts.

What I found most salient about her lecture as it pertains to our class are two central themes and lecture points in her talk. First, she talked about the sediment at the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. She talked about what lies there: So many of our ancestors. She urged the audience to understand that if so many of our ancestors lie there, there must be wisdom in the saltwater. She said “don’t sleep on sediment, at the bottom, knowledge grows”. This comment of course drew me to all of the dialogue we have seen in our texts surrounding the roots of people of color and the knowledge that grows at the roots of people.

Another even more salient discussion she had in the lecture was surrounding rituals. During the question section, someone asked her about her process in writing. She talked about how she gets up at 4am, each morning she can—when people cannot and will not dare disturb her. When she wakes up, she likes to engage in a series of “rituals”. Those rituals included chants that she says to herself in the mirror and breathing exercise, as well as visualization exercise. Her vision practice was particularly important as she spoke of sitting down and visualizing “traveling [somewhere in her mind and imagination] to access the ceremony I need to create for myself and for us”. For example, one ceremony she imagines is a space in which she is spending time with her sister and her nieces and experiencing joy with them.

Her description of the importance of rituals in one’s life to ensure that she grounded and connected with the project of liberation really reminded me of all of the rituals we saw in Sassafras, Cyprus & Indigo. It certainty made me think critically about the rituals that I perform, which ones I know about and practice deliberately and which ones I just do within out realizing it. It made me think of rituals that are perpetuated, for better or for worse in classrooms as well.

At the end of the day, the lecture that I was at was a classroom and we were in an academic building where regular lectures happen each day and where lectures were happening in the room over. But there was something very different about the experience in the space that night. One difference is that each time she would deliver a section of her lecture, as a repeated ritual, she would ask the entire ‘class’ to take a group breath. That was something really radical to experience and something I haven’t had a teacher ask the class to do since high school. I’m not completely sure what to do with the experience yet or how to articulate fully the pedagogical implications of the constructed rituals of her ‘class’ but I certainty believe that the experience opened me up to thinking critically about classroom rituals. I think it would be a really interesting line of discussion to critically approach, in our own class, the rituals we can bee seen performing within our classroom and within other classrooms we engage in.

 

For more info about Alexis Pauline Gumbs: https://www.alexispauline.com

For info about her lecture Series:

-NYU: Nov. 6:

https://tisch.nyu.edu/art-public-policy/events/-with-our-freedom—an-oracle-of-june-jordan

-Columbia: Nov. 7:

http://oralhistory.columbia.edu/calendar/necessary-as-water-queer-black-ceremony-and-the-depth-of-listening-gn5c3

To access Alexis Pauline Gumbs Instagram: @alexispauline

 

The Costs of Liberation

by Kim Hall 0 Comments

Barbara Smith, Black Feminist institution builder

As we have been talking abut the labor of printing and digital expression vis-a-vis the Adair/Nakamura essay, I thought it pertinent to point your attention to the activism around creating a retirement fund for black feminist Barbara Smith, who was a co:founder both of The Combahee River Collective AND Kitchen Table: Women of Color Press.

This is not a fundraising post, but a reminder that influence and even fame don’t always put food on the table and that caring for the elders who uplifted us is also feminist/activist practice. Very successful feminists like Ntozake needed a circle of care and support as they got older and unpaid /invisible labor isn’t just theory!